Ca2+ Lewis Structure & Characteristics: 17 Complete Facts - (2023)

The valence electron of a chemical compound is schematically represented in the form of lines and dots are Lewis’s structure. Let us discuss the Ca2+ lewis structure.

Ca2+ Lewis structure consists of only one metal atom. It is the chemical formula of calcium ion (cation). There is a loss of two electrons on Calcium metals due to which it gets +2 formal charges on it. It should be placed in a square bracket due to the occurrence of charge on it.

There is no selection of central atom in Ca2+ lewis structure as the presence of only one atom. In this editorial, we are discussing valence electrons, lone pair, the octet rule, formal charge, shape, and many more characteristics of Ca2+ lewis structure with some facts.

How to draw Ca2+ lewis structure?

The steps and rules for a schematic drawing of Ca2+ Lewis’s structure are listed below.

Valence electrons and bonding of Ca2+:

Count the valence electrons of the Calcium ion. There is no formation of any kind of bonding in it. So, no need to draw lines as covalent bonds.

Lone pair and octet rule at Ca2+:

Count the lone pairs on Ca2+ ions as there are no bond pairs present on it. Later apply the octet rule to it to identify its complete and incomplete octet.

Formal charge and shape of Ca2+:

Calculate Ca2+ ion formal charge by using a given formula. Also predict the shape, bond angle, and hybridization of the Ca2+ ion if there is any.

Ca2+ Lewis Structure & Characteristics: 17 Complete Facts - (1)

Ca2+ valence electrons

Electrons on the outer shell orbital of an atom or element which are ready to share with other atoms are known as valence electrons. Let us discuss Ca2+ valence electrons.

Ca2+ ion contains 8 valence electrons. The calcium atom belongs to the 2nd periodic table group. So, it contains 2 valence electrons in its outermost orbital or shell. Ca atom loses its 2 valence electrons and gets +2 charges.

Thus the second last orbital of the Ca atom remains with 8 electrons which are considered valence electrons.

Ca2+ Lewis structure lone pairs

The non – bonding electrons on the outermost shell of an atom or molecule are considered lone pair electrons. Take a look at the description of Ca2+ lone electron pairs.

Ca2+ lewis structure contains 8 lone pair electrons. It contains 8 valence electrons which are not bonded to any atoms. There are no bond pair electrons present as Ca2+ is a single atomic ion. Thus, all the valence electrons of Ca2+ ion are the 8 lone pair electrons present on it.

Lone pair electron calculation for Ca2+ lewis structure is given below:

  • Lone pair electrons on Ca2+ = Valence electrons of Ca2+ (V. E) – Number of bonds / 2
  • Calcium atom of Ca2+ ion has lone pair electron = 8 (V. E) – 0 / 2 = 8
  • Thus, the total lone pair electrons on the Ca2+ Lewis structure is 8.

Ca2+ Lewis structure octet rule

The availability of 8 electrons in the outer valence shell orbital of an atom forming a stable state is described in the octet rule. Let us discuss the Ca2+ ion octet rule.

Ca2+ Lewis structure contains a complete octet of a calcium atom. The calcium atom has 2 valence electrons. But in Ca2+ ion due to the loss of 2 electrons, it has 8 electrons in its outer orbit. It is surrounded by 8 valence electrons or lone pair electrons and shows a complete octet.

Ca2+ Lewis structure formal charge

The charge that occurs on an atom or molecule due to the loss or gain of electrons is known as a formal charge. Below is the brief calculative part of the Ca2+ formal charge.

Formal charge of Ca2+ Lewis structure is = (valence electrons – non-bonding electrons – ½ bonding electrons)

The calculation for Ca2+ Lewis structure formal charge is explained in the following table.

Atoms of Ca2+ lewis structureValence electrons on Ca atomNon – bonding electrons on Ca atomBonding electrons on Ca atomThe formal charge on the Ca atom
Calcium (Ca) atom020000( 2 – 0 – 0 / 2 ) = + 2

Ca2+ lewis structure shape

The formation of a molecule with a specific arrangement of its atoms with a particular geometry is known as shape. Let us discuss Ca2+ lewis structure shape.

Ca2+ lewis structure does not show any shape or geometry. Ca2+ is only an ion (cation) formed due to the loss of its 2 electrons. It does not contain other atoms or any kind of bonding. Thus it cannot form any shape.

Ca2+ lewis structure angle

The molecule contains any two alternate bonds having an angle or gap between them called a bond angle.

Ca2+ ion lewis structure has no bond angle. There is no bonding within the Ca2+ lewis structure because it is a single atomic cation produced due to the donation of its valence electrons. Thus it does not show any bond angle.

Ca2+ hybridization

Atomic orbital undergoes mixing and recasting to form a new hybrid orbital having identical energy is known as hybridization. Take a look at Ca2+ hybridization.

Ca2+ ion does not show any hybridization. It lost its two outer shell valence electrons and acquires the configuration of argon. Thus it shows valence shell electronic configuration of the Ca atom is [Ar] 4s2 and Ca2+ is [Ar]. It has no mixing and recasting of Ca2+ atomic orbital and has no hybridization.

Is Ca2+ solid?

The closed packing of atoms of a molecule forming a particular shape or structure having some mass or volume is solids. Below is the discussion on whether is Ca2+ solid.

Ca2+ ion is solid in nature. The Ca2+ cation is produced from calcium metal having 2nd group and 4th period. Calcium metal is solid and has white color. Thus the ion i.e. Ca2+ cation formed from calcium is solid. It can also form a particular shape or structure on bonding with other atoms.

Is Ca2+ soluble in water?

The maximum extent of a solute to dissolve in a solvent like water is called its solubility. Below is a brief discussion on the Ca2+ ion solubility in water.

Ca2+ ion is soluble in water. It is composed of calcium metal. It has 2+ formal charges due to its 2 valence electrons loss. Due to the positive charge on it, it can combine with the negative part (hydroxide ion) OH ion of water. Thus, Ca2+ ions can produce calcium hydroxide by mixing it with water.

Is Ca2+ polar or nonpolar?

The polarity of compounds depends on electron sharing and high electronegative atoms on it. Let us discuss the brief description on the Ca2+ ion is polar or non – polar.

Ca2+ ion does not show polar or non – polar nature. It is an ion, particularly a cation. It is not bonded with any other more or lease electronegative atom. It does not show any geometry of shape and no dipoles are generated in the Ca2+ ion. Here we cannot compare electron sharing within 2 various atoms.

Is Ca2+ a molecular compound?

Molecular compounds are compounds that contain covalent bonds and consist of various small molecules. Take a look at some discussion on Ca2+ molecular nature.

Ca2+ is not a molecular compound. It is a cation. There are no other small molecules present in the Ca2+ lewis structure. Also, it does not have covalent bonds in forming bonds with other atoms. It does not show any characteristic of being a molecular compound.

Is Ca2+ acid or base?

Proton donors are acids and proton acceptors are bases, electron pair acceptors are lewis acids and electron pair donors are lewis bases. Let us discuss on Ca2+ is acid or base.

Ca2+ can act as lewis acid. It has the capacity to accept electrons because it has a vacant orbital after a donation of its two valence electrons. Ca2+ ion requires two electrons to complete its last orbital. So it can accept 2 electrons from another atom to form a bond and act as weak lewis acid.

Is Ca2+ electrolyte?

The compounds get ionized in water and the application of an external current can conduct electricity is called electrolytes. Let us see whether Ca2+ is an electrolyte or not.

Ca2+ is not an electrolyte. It is not a compound that is ionized. It is already a cation that does not get ionized further into the water. If the Ca2+ on combined with another ion to form a compound. Then only it can ionize in water and act as an electrolyte. So, Ca2+ ion alone is not an electrolyte.

Is Ca2+ salt?

The neutral compound or product formed due to the reaction between acid and base is known as salts. Below is the description about Ca2+ is salt or not.

Ca2+ ion is not a salt. It is not produced by the acid-base reaction. It is an ionic moiety. Ca2+ itself shows weak lewis acid characteristics. Thus it is not showing any characteristic of being salt.

Is Ca2+ ionic or covalent?

Atoms attached with an electrostatic force of attraction are ionic while strong covalent bonds are covalent. Take a look at Ca2+ ionic or covalent nature.

Ca2+ is ionic in nature. It has a 2+ charge present on it and is a cation. It can join with anions due to the electrostatic force of attraction between them. It cannot show any covalent character. Thus it is ionic species.

Conclusion:

Ca2+ lost its two valence electrons in outer orbitals. Thus it has 8 valence electrons and 8 lone pair electrons. It has a complete octet of Ca metal and has a formal charge of +2. It is ionic and water soluble in nature.

Read more about following Lewis structure

Clo-
HOCN
SNF3
CNO-
CH4
ClF
CH3NH2
Brcl3
ICL5
IF2-
N2
BrO2-
NF3
OCN-
HBrO
Cbr4
CHCl3
Cf2h2
H2CO
Zn2+

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