Ca2+ Lewis Structure & Characteristics: 17 Complete Facts - (2023)

The valence electron of a chemical compound is schematically represented in the form of lines and dots are Lewis’s structure. Let us discuss the Ca²⁺ lewis structure.

Ca²⁺ Lewis structure consists of only one metal atom. It is the chemical formula of calcium ion (cation). There is a loss of two electrons on Calcium metals due to which it gets +2 formal charges on it. It should be placed in a square bracket due to the occurrence of charge on it.

There is no selection of central atom in Ca²⁺ lewis structure as the presence of only one atom. In this editorial, we are discussing valence electrons, lone pair, the octet rule, formal charge, shape, and many more characteristics of Ca²⁺ lewis structure with some facts.

How to draw Ca²⁺ lewis structure?

The steps and rules for a schematic drawing of Ca2+ Lewis’s structure are listed below.

Valence electrons and bonding of Ca²⁺:

Count the valence electrons of the Calcium ion. There is no formation of any kind of bonding in it. So, no need to draw lines as covalent bonds.

Lone pair and octet rule at Ca²⁺:

Count the lone pairs on Ca²⁺ ions as there are no bond pairs present on it. Later apply the octet rule to it to identify its complete and incomplete octet.

Formal charge and shape of Ca²⁺:

Calculate Ca²⁺ ion formal charge by using a given formula. Also predict the shape, bond angle, and hybridization of the Ca2+ ion if there is any.

Ca²⁺ valence electrons

Electrons on the outer shell orbital of an atom or element which are ready to share with other atoms are known as valence electrons. Let us discuss Ca²⁺ valence electrons.

Ca²⁺ ion contains 8 valence electrons. The calcium atom belongs to the 2nd periodic table group. So, it contains 2 valence electrons in its outermost orbital or shell. Ca atom loses its 2 valence electrons and gets +2 charges.

Thus the second last orbital of the Ca atom remains with 8 electrons which are considered valence electrons.

Ca²⁺ Lewis structure lone pairs

The non – bonding electrons on the outermost shell of an atom or molecule are considered lone pair electrons. Take a look at the description of Ca2+ lone electron pairs.

Ca²⁺ lewis structure contains 8 lone pair electrons. It contains 8 valence electrons which are not bonded to any atoms. There are no bond pair electrons present as Ca2+ is a single atomic ion. Thus, all the valence electrons of Ca²⁺ ion are the 8 lone pair electrons present on it.

Lone pair electron calculation for Ca2+ lewis structure is given below:

• Lone pair electrons on Ca²⁺ = Valence electrons of Ca²⁺ (V. E) – Number of bonds / 2
• Calcium atom of Ca²⁺ ion has lone pair electron = 8 (V. E) – 0 / 2 = 8
• Thus, the total lone pair electrons on the Ca²⁺ Lewis structure is 8.

Ca²⁺ Lewis structure octet rule

The availability of 8 electrons in the outer valence shell orbital of an atom forming a stable state is described in the octet rule. Let us discuss the Ca²⁺ ion octet rule.

Ca²⁺ Lewis structure contains a complete octet of a calcium atom. The calcium atom has 2 valence electrons. But in Ca²⁺ ion due to the loss of 2 electrons, it has 8 electrons in its outer orbit. It is surrounded by 8 valence electrons or lone pair electrons and shows a complete octet.

Ca²⁺ Lewis structure formal charge

The charge that occurs on an atom or molecule due to the loss or gain of electrons is known as a formal charge. Below is the brief calculative part of the Ca²⁺ formal charge.

Formal charge of Ca²⁺ Lewis structure is = (valence electrons – non-bonding electrons – ½ bonding electrons)

The calculation for Ca²⁺ Lewis structure formal charge is explained in the following table.

Ca²⁺ lewis structure shape

The formation of a molecule with a specific arrangement of its atoms with a particular geometry is known as shape. Let us discuss Ca²⁺ lewis structure shape.

Ca²⁺ lewis structure does not show any shape or geometry. Ca²⁺ is only an ion (cation) formed due to the loss of its 2 electrons. It does not contain other atoms or any kind of bonding. Thus it cannot form any shape.

Ca²⁺ lewis structure angle

The molecule contains any two alternate bonds having an angle or gap between them called a bond angle.

Ca²⁺ ion lewis structure has no bond angle. There is no bonding within the Ca²⁺ lewis structure because it is a single atomic cation produced due to the donation of its valence electrons. Thus it does not show any bond angle.

Ca²⁺ hybridization

Atomic orbital undergoes mixing and recasting to form a new hybrid orbital having identical energy is known as hybridization. Take a look at Ca²⁺ hybridization.

Ca²⁺ ion does not show any hybridization. It lost its two outer shell valence electrons and acquires the configuration of argon. Thus it shows valence shell electronic configuration of the Ca atom is [Ar] 4s2 and Ca²⁺ is [Ar]. It has no mixing and recasting of Ca²⁺ atomic orbital and has no hybridization.

Is Ca²⁺ solid?

The closed packing of atoms of a molecule forming a particular shape or structure having some mass or volume is solids. Below is the discussion on whether is Ca²⁺ solid.

Ca²⁺ ion is solid in nature. The Ca²⁺ cation is produced from calcium metal having 2^nd group and 4^th period. Calcium metal is solid and has white color. Thus the ion i.e. Ca²⁺ cation formed from calcium is solid. It can also form a particular shape or structure on bonding with other atoms.

Is Ca²⁺ soluble in water?

The maximum extent of a solute to dissolve in a solvent like water is called its solubility. Below is a brief discussion on the Ca²⁺ ion solubility in water.

Ca²⁺ ion is soluble in water. It is composed of calcium metal. It has 2+ formal charges due to its 2 valence electrons loss. Due to the positive charge on it, it can combine with the negative part (hydroxide ion) OH^– ion of water. Thus, Ca²⁺ ions can produce calcium hydroxide by mixing it with water.

Is Ca²⁺ polar or nonpolar?

The polarity of compounds depends on electron sharing and high electronegative atoms on it. Let us discuss the brief description on the Ca²⁺ ion is polar or non – polar.

Ca²⁺ ion does not show polar or non – polar nature. It is an ion, particularly a cation. It is not bonded with any other more or lease electronegative atom. It does not show any geometry of shape and no dipoles are generated in the Ca²⁺ ion. Here we cannot compare electron sharing within 2 various atoms.

Is Ca2+ a molecular compound?

Molecular compounds are compounds that contain covalent bonds and consist of various small molecules. Take a look at some discussion on Ca²⁺ molecular nature.

Ca²⁺ is not a molecular compound. It is a cation. There are no other small molecules present in the Ca²⁺ lewis structure. Also, it does not have covalent bonds in forming bonds with other atoms. It does not show any characteristic of being a molecular compound.

Is Ca²⁺ acid or base?

Proton donors are acids and proton acceptors are bases, electron pair acceptors are lewis acids and electron pair donors are lewis bases. Let us discuss on Ca²⁺ is acid or base.

Ca²⁺ can act as lewis acid. It has the capacity to accept electrons because it has a vacant orbital after a donation of its two valence electrons. Ca2+ ion requires two electrons to complete its last orbital. So it can accept 2 electrons from another atom to form a bond and act as weak lewis acid.

Is Ca²⁺ electrolyte?

The compounds get ionized in water and the application of an external current can conduct electricity is called electrolytes. Let us see whether Ca²⁺ is an electrolyte or not.

Ca²⁺ is not an electrolyte. It is not a compound that is ionized. It is already a cation that does not get ionized further into the water. If the Ca²⁺ on combined with another ion to form a compound. Then only it can ionize in water and act as an electrolyte. So, Ca²⁺ ion alone is not an electrolyte.

Is Ca²⁺ salt?

The neutral compound or product formed due to the reaction between acid and base is known as salts. Below is the description about Ca²⁺ is salt or not.

Ca²⁺ ion is not a salt. It is not produced by the acid-base reaction. It is an ionic moiety. Ca²⁺ itself shows weak lewis acid characteristics. Thus it is not showing any characteristic of being salt.

Is Ca²⁺ ionic or covalent?

Atoms attached with an electrostatic force of attraction are ionic while strong covalent bonds are covalent. Take a look at Ca²⁺ ionic or covalent nature.

Ca²⁺ is ionic in nature. It has a 2+ charge present on it and is a cation. It can join with anions due to the electrostatic force of attraction between them. It cannot show any covalent character. Thus it is ionic species.

Conclusion:

Ca2+ lost its two valence electrons in outer orbitals. Thus it has 8 valence electrons and 8 lone pair electrons. It has a complete octet of Ca metal and has a formal charge of +2. It is ionic and water soluble in nature.

Read more about following Lewis structure